Jump to content
Cultural Healing and Life

Plant Physiology & Nutritional Transportation - Section 4 - Plant Nutrition Transport and Cellular Respiration


Recommended Posts

  • Administrators

 

Plant Physiology & Nutritional Transportation

Section 4 - Plant Nutrition Transport and Cellular Respiration

 

 

:happy-tree-smiley-emoticon-animation:

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Since many people will already understand plant structure I have added that section below even though it would be more appropriate before this section.  However, their is very good information in the plant structure section I recommend watching the videos.  Very few people will not learn something from the videos to the writings (compilation).

Regardless of water and nutrition, a plants transport system depends on a correct growing environment in terms of temperature and humidity as this directly affects the internal and external functions of the plant system.

Basic Plant Nutrition - We often think of plant nutrition and NPK but this is not wholly correct at the cellular level as far as the plant cares about specifics.  For example, we need protein, be it from meat or milk all things correct we can utilize protein in that form.  Our body only cares it has a protein.  Generically stated for illustration.

  • Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, Oxygen, phosphorous and sulfur.

We will discuss plant nutrition in all its details in later sections but for the intention of understanding how a plant internally functions in transporting and in creating energy the above will be the main subject of plant nutrition within this specific section.

 

 

The Video below illustrates with excellent visuals/graphics and explains above and nutritional transportation.

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCmNq4uCgWjpvoTpbphih3g - Transcript is available at youtube site, select more and transcripts under the video.

  • All organisms require food and water for their survival. Transportation is the process of transporting water,food and minerals to the different parts of the plant body. Xylem, transports water from the roots to all parts of the plant through root hairs. Raw materials such as carbon dioxide, water and other minerals are used to prepare food in the presence of sunlight through photosynthesis.This food is then transported to all parts of the plant by the Phloem.

 

Below you will find a video that will explain in an easy to understand format what the plant needs nutritionally and how it transports nutrition and utilizes it.  While it may seem a bit a redundant the videos compliment each other and together equal a quality lesson.  The top video has superior visuals but the bottom has more information and is an effective illustrative video as well.

Paul Andersen explains how nutrients and water are transported in plants. He begins with a brief discussion of what nutrients are required by plants and where they get them. He shows you dermal, vascular and ground tissue in monocot and dicot roots, stems and leaves. He then explains how water is pulled up a tree in xylem and how sugar is pushed in a plant through phloem.

More at Bozeman Science:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEik-U3T6u6JA0XiHLbNbOw

 

Transcript of the video is available at the youtube site selecting more then transcript in options under video.

More at Bozeman Science:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEik-U3T6u6JA0XiHLbNbOw

  • Paul Andersen explains how nutrients and water are transported in plants. He begins with a brief discussion of what nutrients are required by plants and where they get them. He shows you dermal, vascular and ground tissue in monocot and dicot roots, stems and leaves. He then explains how water is pulled up a tree in xylem and how sugar is pushed in a plant through phloem.

 

Oxygenic Photosynthesis  & its equation

During oxygenic photosynthesis, light energy transfers electrons from water (H2O) to carbon dioxide (CO2), which produces carbohydrates. In this transfer, the CO2 is "reduced," or receives electrons, and the water becomes "oxidized," or loses electrons. Ultimately, oxygen is produced along with carbohydrates. 

  • Oxygenic photosynthesis functions as a counterbalance to respiration as it intakes carbon dioxide it reintroduces oxygen into the atmosphere.
    • Carbon dioxide exhale by many living things and oxygen released by the oxygenic photosynthesis process.
    • Their are other types of photosynthesis and other energy generation but we are mainly going to discuss oxygenic photosynthesis in plants.

 

large.596febd718eea_photosynthesisbasicg

 

Light-dependent reactions (also called light reactions):

  • Light photons contacts the reaction center a chlorophyll pigment releases an electron.
  • The electron in the chlorophyll makes an electron hole and the electron wants to escape and is released via an "electron transport chain" which generates the energy to make ATP "adenosine triphosphate" which is energy and NADPH. 
    • The electron hole in the chlorophyll pigment is filled from electron from water and oxygen is then released into the atmosphere via the stomata.

 

large.596febd7eb486_photosynthesisoverviewgraphic.jpg.691ec03ee11bee1a73a5329fe98892e6.jpg

Photosynthesis Equation

In photosynthesis, solar energy is converted to chemical energy. The chemical energy is stored in the form of glucose (sugar). Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight are used to produce glucose, oxygen, and water. The chemical equation for this process is:

  • 6CO2 + 12H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

Six molecules of carbon dioxide (6CO2) and twelve molecules of water (12H2O) are consumed in the process, while glucose (C6H12O6), six molecules of oxygen (6O2), and six molecules of water (6H2O) are produced.

This equation may be simplified as: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light → C6H12O6 + 6O2.

 

large.5930e9beeb1f249887903979a979705b80975b34.png.a9b78d02fd9b9b06a6b846eb1b026420.png

 

Photosynthesis video that better illustrates and effectively teaches the above and more.

Transcript of the video is available at the youtube site selecting more then transcript in options under video.

More at Bozeman Science:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEik-U3T6u6JA0XiHLbNbOw

  • Paul Andersen explains the process of photosynthesis by which plants and algae can convert carbon dioxide into usable sugar. He begins with a brief description of the chloroplast. He describes the major pigments in a plant (like chlorophyll a and b). He then describes both the light reaction and the Calvin cycle. He finishes with a discussion of photorespiration and strategies for avoiding this problem evolved in CAM and C4 plants.

 

Cellular Respiration

I know we think of plants and us as very different as they use photosynthesis but we both use cell respiration very similarly and few actually understand nor appreciate that understanding but it is important to understand this aspect as when it comes to evaluating various traits of plants this information is vital if you understand how to "see" it and "use" it.

  • By understanding this we can better acclimate a growing environment for optimal levels for specific plants in greenhouses and indoor gardens based on observations and adjustments of your plants and not following a generic guide.
  • By learning to identify plants that have strong photosynthesis and cellular respiration rates in selecting genetics for clones or breeding is often an desirable but under looked trait.

The video below further explains photosynthesis and respiration and discusses how photosynthesis played a role in early life on the planet. 

  • For many this video may seem a bit much and that is ok.  It is mainly listed for those who want more information and understanding with more details.  He also explains different versions of energy creation but is not a large portion. 
  • I highly recommend this video but for your average gardener this information is overly technical for that need.  The plant cell video prior in this thread is similar however there is additional information when viewing both lessons.
  • Paul Andersen details the processes of photosynthesis and respiration in this video on free energy capture and storage. Autotrophs use the light reactions and the Calvin cycle to convert energy from the Sun into sugars. Autotrophs and heterotrophs use cellular respiration to convert this sugar into ATP. Both chemosynthesis and fermentation are discussed. The evolution of photosynthesis is also discussed.
    • Do you speak another language? Help me translate my videos: http://www.bozemanscience.com/transla...
    • I post the translate request even though the posting is old, the link is still good as of the time of this compilation.

 

The following video explains processes of cellular respiration in an easy to understand lesson.

Transcript of the video is available at the youtube site selecting more then transcript in options under video.

More at Bozeman Science:  https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEik-U3T6u6JA0XiHLbNbOw

  • Paul Andersen covers the processes of aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration. He starts with a brief description of the two processes. He then describes the important parts of the mitochondria. He explains how energy is transferred to ATP through the processes of glycolysis, the Kreb cycle and the Electron Transport Chain. He also explains how organisms use both lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation.

 

Summary

The knowledge base of plant physiology is currently growing at fast rate.  As such each year they are learning more and more about the physiology of plants and some of these are not listed above as science has not yet determined what those functions truly are or what they are doing outside just learning they exist. 

  • As a result, the older this work is, it might need a revision or update depending on the extent new knowledge that will be learned as science as whole learns more. 
  • This is compiled January 2017

You should now have a working understanding of plant physiology and if you understand how environment and basic nutrition plays a role.  You use this information and apply it to your garden. 

  • By utilizing all this information you can grow your plants to "best practice" as is possible for your growing areas limitations.

Often we go to stores and see a massive variety of fertilizers with all kinds of claims and fancy graphics and names.  Few people can see past the advertising as it is the advertisers and/or other equally untrained to moderately skilled gardeners who teach most home gardeners, outside of a family/friend dynamic with access to experienced gardeners.  Many gardeners are at a knowledge disadvantage.

This information is compiled in part as an attempt to answer this issue by working to instill fundamental knowledge so that home gardeners can learn what is gimmick and what is a good product and how to use it properly for their crops. 

  • A benefit of these lessons if learned is freedom from false advertising as you will not be easily fooled as knowledge can work to prevent emotional and impulse sales based on "adjective" sales tactics.

By understanding plant physiology you understand how plants transport nutrition and create energy.  This knowledge base will serve you well in future management practices as you can better attune your environment, nutrition and management to optimize your specific crop.  This is more desirable in high value crops.  By optimizing the plants ability to transport nutrients and generate energy you can begin to obtain the plants potential. 

  • However, by allowing negative factors to act against early plant physiology during its early growth stages can have significant limiting factors that the plant cannot fully recover from and thus the plant will not obtain its potential no matter the betterment after the shock.

Plant Physiology in breeding, generically you first want to select plants that illustrate early strong plant physiology traits from roots to leaf health and vigor.  Often in plant breeding plants will be selected for other traits and not consider plant physiology traits as they should, often taking this aspect for granted.  This is in part a reason why some plants seeds offered for sale are not good at rooting equally from a package of seeds. 

  • These seeds were potentially not correctly bred for optimum plant physiology.  However, most amateur seed makers may not understand and/or appreciate this aspect.

In the following sections we will discuss plant development from roots to fruit and discuss the nutritional and environmental aspects for typical garden variety plants.  If this work has helped you, please share what you learn with others.  It is in that energy that this has come to you and I thank you for your time.   ~Hempyfan.

 

:grad-flasher:

Congratulations for finishing Plant Physiology.
 

 

Need More???

If you would like to learn more on Plant Physiology I highly recommend:

BIOPL3420 - Plant Physiology - Video Lecture/Class 28 videos long - Thomas Owens - Cornell University

:nerd:

Click to go to video series

 

 

Credits and appreciation:   ~ I sincerely respect and thank them.

The Science Media Production Center at Cornell - https://www.youtube.com/user/CornellTL/about

Plant Physiology Taiz and Zeiger  - https://ia802504.us.archive.org/16/items/PlantPhysiologyTaizZeiger1/Plant_Physiology_(Taiz_&_Zeiger)[1].pdf

https://www.scribd.com/

http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0002075.html

http://www.askiitians.com/revision-notes/biology/

Bozeman Science:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEik-U3T6u6JA0XiHLbNbOw

http://biology.about.com/od/plantbiology/a/aa050605a.htm

http://www.livescience.com/51720-photosynthesis.html

http://www.buzzle.com/articles/differences-and-similarities-between-chemosynthesis-and-photosynthesis.html

One Drop Forward - https://www.youtube.com/user/onedropforward/videos

Plant Energy Biology - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEIGuXCAGkkHgAZP9LWbXgA

http://www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refId-a0002061.html

http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/170/2/603.full#sec-13

Everest Fernandez - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC65Wtjuej_YyOOxg4PC-uhA

Freesciencelessons - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCqbOeHaAUXw9Il7sBVG3_bw

Physical Biology - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjFaU87t6M2d3xPH8m30goQ

 

 

large.Nature-Brain.jpg.c7a2a6835bb57b2c5dfa64c7acc47dd7.jpg

~A Proud Cultural Healing and Life Compilation.

FIN

 

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You can post now and register later. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

 Share

×
×
  • Create New...